Start with the exact name.
The term “vitamin C” can refer to different ingredients. Crème contains Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate, while Élixir contains 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid. Exact names reveal differences that a short product description may not show.
Look at the whole formula.
A featured ingredient is one part of a formula. Alongside HPR, Crème contains emollients, humectants and preservatives. The list helps you see the whole product, beyond the ingredient highlighted on the front.
The list does not tell you everything.
INCI is not an effectiveness study. On its own, it cannot tell you how strongly the complete product will work. Cudovero does not publish the concentrations of HPR, vitamin C or the copper peptide in these lists, so we do not assign specific percentages to them.
Check the packaging.
Formulas can change. The most relevant list is the one on the product you receive. Our library reproduces the ingredient lists published by the brand and includes the date they were checked.